Ways to Prevent Cervix Cancer
Avoid Getting HPV: HPV stands for Human Pappilovirus. This virus is transmitted through sex and results in genital warts. These warts can turn into precancerous growth or cancer. It has been seen that nearly all women get cervix cancer because of HPV infection. You can avoid getting HPV by using protection, not having multiple sex partners and not having sex at an early age.
Avoid Smoking: Smoking causes many types of cancers and cervix cancer is one of them. You will reduce the risk of getting cervix cancer if you quit smoking. Women who smoke are twice as likely to get cervix cancer compared to women who do not smoke.
Eat Healthily: If your diet does not contain ample helpings of fruits and vegetables, you are at risk of developing cancer of the cervix. Therefore, change your eating habits and eat as much fruits and vegetables as possible.
Healthy Body: A healthy body means having a healthy immune system. The risk of developing lesions in the cervix increases with a weakened immune system. These lesions can turn cancerous with time.
If cervical cancer runs in your family, you will be better off trying the prevent it. The chances of getting cervix cancer will be there but these chances will decrease if you follow the above mentioned ways to prevent cervix cancer.
Jumat, 06 Mei 2011
Sri mahasiwi Immawati^^
Chapter II
Theoretical Foundation
ANALYSIS OF PRAGMATICS IN SHORT STORY ‘HILL LIKES WHITE ELEPHANT’
A. Definition of Pragmatics Unsure
Pragmatics is closely related to speech act ,it reviews specific utterances in particular situations and focus on a variety of different ways that contain the social context. Pragmatics rather than just examine the effects of suprasegmental phonemes, dialect and register, but look at performance first speech as a social activity organized by a variety of social conventions. Stephen C. Levinson in his book that entitled “ Pragmatics” said that Pragmatics is a study about the relation between language and contexts which is the basic of note and report language understanding, in other words it’s study of the ability of language users connecting and harmonization sentences and proper contexts.
Different with George (1964:31-8),he assumed that pragmatics is the study about the overall human behavior, particularly in relation to the signs and symbols. It focuses on how human beings behave in the overall situation of giving and receiving of the sign.
From what is assumed of the experts, the writer tends to have the same opinion
with George’s theory, because his theory is more logic. Besides that George revealed the statement that’s easy to understand, so that it could simplify comprehension of pragmatic itself to look for the imply meaning of the speech contexts.
Theoretical Foundation
ANALYSIS OF PRAGMATICS IN SHORT STORY ‘HILL LIKES WHITE ELEPHANT’
A. Definition of Pragmatics Unsure
Pragmatics is closely related to speech act ,it reviews specific utterances in particular situations and focus on a variety of different ways that contain the social context. Pragmatics rather than just examine the effects of suprasegmental phonemes, dialect and register, but look at performance first speech as a social activity organized by a variety of social conventions. Stephen C. Levinson in his book that entitled “ Pragmatics” said that Pragmatics is a study about the relation between language and contexts which is the basic of note and report language understanding, in other words it’s study of the ability of language users connecting and harmonization sentences and proper contexts.
Different with George (1964:31-8),he assumed that pragmatics is the study about the overall human behavior, particularly in relation to the signs and symbols. It focuses on how human beings behave in the overall situation of giving and receiving of the sign.
From what is assumed of the experts, the writer tends to have the same opinion
with George’s theory, because his theory is more logic. Besides that George revealed the statement that’s easy to understand, so that it could simplify comprehension of pragmatic itself to look for the imply meaning of the speech contexts.
Sri mahasiwi Immawati^^
Discussion
The rampant crime and bombs are now starting to cause anxiety among the citizens, especially for government .These events, of course, bring forth new ideas on how to anticipate it intensively. Recently, The Legislative Assembly proposed the idea of the intelligence bill to get over the issues that always being a solicitudes.
This bill gets the spotlight because it set a crucial issue, authority to arrest and wiretapping by the National Intelligence Agency (BIN). Some also questioned the authority of this party. Furthermore it causing the controversial talking about the rule of the intelligent’s itself.
The government insists that deliberation on this bill for intelligence agencies have the authority to arrest. Defence Minister Purnomo Yusgiantoro give a reason why this should be regulated in the bill. "Now this is very difficult once we suppose something happened. The bomb exploded instance, we could not catch it before it happened, because there are no rules," said Purnomo Yusgiantoro at the Presidential Office.
During this time, according to Purnomo, the arrest of the perpetrators can only be done when the event has occurred.This is the background which is the reason the entry points of arrest powers in the Intelligence bill.
On the other hand a number of parties expressed concern if the bill passed as the government's intelligence which regulate wiretapping authority and arrest by the NIA. Previously, non-governmental organizations Imparsial said the bill was to be scrutinized.The reason is, it's possible this could be used for business or economic interests of certain groups, even to spy on the activities of political opponents.
According to those opinions, I myself prefer non-governmental organizations Imparsial’s opinion to the Yusgiantoro’s opinion. Essentially the intelligent shouldn’t be worked under the BIN’s authority, due to it could be used for behalf of certain groups.
.
The rampant crime and bombs are now starting to cause anxiety among the citizens, especially for government .These events, of course, bring forth new ideas on how to anticipate it intensively. Recently, The Legislative Assembly proposed the idea of the intelligence bill to get over the issues that always being a solicitudes.
This bill gets the spotlight because it set a crucial issue, authority to arrest and wiretapping by the National Intelligence Agency (BIN). Some also questioned the authority of this party. Furthermore it causing the controversial talking about the rule of the intelligent’s itself.
The government insists that deliberation on this bill for intelligence agencies have the authority to arrest. Defence Minister Purnomo Yusgiantoro give a reason why this should be regulated in the bill. "Now this is very difficult once we suppose something happened. The bomb exploded instance, we could not catch it before it happened, because there are no rules," said Purnomo Yusgiantoro at the Presidential Office.
During this time, according to Purnomo, the arrest of the perpetrators can only be done when the event has occurred.This is the background which is the reason the entry points of arrest powers in the Intelligence bill.
On the other hand a number of parties expressed concern if the bill passed as the government's intelligence which regulate wiretapping authority and arrest by the NIA. Previously, non-governmental organizations Imparsial said the bill was to be scrutinized.The reason is, it's possible this could be used for business or economic interests of certain groups, even to spy on the activities of political opponents.
According to those opinions, I myself prefer non-governmental organizations Imparsial’s opinion to the Yusgiantoro’s opinion. Essentially the intelligent shouldn’t be worked under the BIN’s authority, due to it could be used for behalf of certain groups.
.
theoretical foundation_TYAS SAMESTI
Definition of Literature
If you hear the word "literature", people tend to think that literature is a collection of writings or words that make up a beautiful rhythm. But actually since ancient literature can not be defined with certainty. It is difficult to give the sense that then limited the scope of literature. Literature is not just the writing that is imaginary; the things that are factual can be categorized as literary. Therefore, the literature is not likely to be defined exactly, because literature is not an exact science which should have an absolute sense, like 1 +1 in mathematics must have been 2. Each person freely defines literature according to their respective capacities.
Personally I see a work of literature as a text that has certain criteria that distinguishes it from other text types. Literature is the text that uses style allusion, aesthetic value and form of writing imaginative author. But in fact further into doubt the nature of imaginative literature. Because literature is not simply that imaginative writing.
The formalists also have its own understanding of the definition of literature. At first they saw a work of literature as an arbitrary set of tools. This means that the literature only as a tool that can be freely used and not tied to the concept. There is no rule that surrounds a work of literature. Then the "tools" are seen as elements that are connected and related to one another in the overall textual context.
But one thing is for sure from a literary work is a form of writing or text. Text is the most fundamental essence of a literary work, because his own literary form of the text or writings. But the difference between the texts in a literary work with text on another text that is in the perspective of aesthetics. A literary work is a text that has a high aesthetic value. Not just any writing can be called a work of literature. However, the aesthetic value is different for each person. It is fine if someone saw a bulletin board as a literary work, as long as he sees the aesthetic elements contained in the notice board. Besides, she might actually interpret these bulletin boards like a work of literature. It might just happen.
It could not be separated from the point of view that is used when the meaning of a work. Because literature is not an absolute science, or even certain, then the point of view that is used too subjective. Aesthetic values embodied in a work it all back to the reader, whether the reader finds the aesthetic value of a text, or was he only saw the text as plain text in general. Readers or any criticism must have an assessment and opinion of each of which may be different from each other, depending on the educational background of knowledge.
But one thing to note, subjectivity is not to assess the text just spiked and see the author let alone his position. Subjectivity we addressed in literature and only in such literary works, not even see who authored the text. Do not let there be an official writing a literary work since seeing his position, not reviewed in advance aesthetics values contained in the work. Do not let the case of Shakespeare's works are rendered useless repetition. Shakespeare is considered as a writer known for his empire who raised his name, not his own. His works were considered only as a literary text that is not valuable. Such disputes should not be repeated in the modern literary scene.
Although we use the subjectivity in judging a work, it would be much better if we use an objective approach when assessing a work.
References
Tarigan, Henry Guntur. Prinsip-Prinsip Dasar Sastra. (Bandung: Angkasa,1984).
Ratna, Nyoman Kutha.Teori, Metode, dan Teknik Penelitian Sastra. (Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2008).
Eagleton, Terry. Teori Sastra. (Jakarta: Jala Sutra, 2007).
Teeuw, A. Sastera dan Ilmu Sastera. (Bandung: PT Kiblat Buku Utama, 2003)
If you hear the word "literature", people tend to think that literature is a collection of writings or words that make up a beautiful rhythm. But actually since ancient literature can not be defined with certainty. It is difficult to give the sense that then limited the scope of literature. Literature is not just the writing that is imaginary; the things that are factual can be categorized as literary. Therefore, the literature is not likely to be defined exactly, because literature is not an exact science which should have an absolute sense, like 1 +1 in mathematics must have been 2. Each person freely defines literature according to their respective capacities.
Personally I see a work of literature as a text that has certain criteria that distinguishes it from other text types. Literature is the text that uses style allusion, aesthetic value and form of writing imaginative author. But in fact further into doubt the nature of imaginative literature. Because literature is not simply that imaginative writing.
The formalists also have its own understanding of the definition of literature. At first they saw a work of literature as an arbitrary set of tools. This means that the literature only as a tool that can be freely used and not tied to the concept. There is no rule that surrounds a work of literature. Then the "tools" are seen as elements that are connected and related to one another in the overall textual context.
But one thing is for sure from a literary work is a form of writing or text. Text is the most fundamental essence of a literary work, because his own literary form of the text or writings. But the difference between the texts in a literary work with text on another text that is in the perspective of aesthetics. A literary work is a text that has a high aesthetic value. Not just any writing can be called a work of literature. However, the aesthetic value is different for each person. It is fine if someone saw a bulletin board as a literary work, as long as he sees the aesthetic elements contained in the notice board. Besides, she might actually interpret these bulletin boards like a work of literature. It might just happen.
It could not be separated from the point of view that is used when the meaning of a work. Because literature is not an absolute science, or even certain, then the point of view that is used too subjective. Aesthetic values embodied in a work it all back to the reader, whether the reader finds the aesthetic value of a text, or was he only saw the text as plain text in general. Readers or any criticism must have an assessment and opinion of each of which may be different from each other, depending on the educational background of knowledge.
But one thing to note, subjectivity is not to assess the text just spiked and see the author let alone his position. Subjectivity we addressed in literature and only in such literary works, not even see who authored the text. Do not let there be an official writing a literary work since seeing his position, not reviewed in advance aesthetics values contained in the work. Do not let the case of Shakespeare's works are rendered useless repetition. Shakespeare is considered as a writer known for his empire who raised his name, not his own. His works were considered only as a literary text that is not valuable. Such disputes should not be repeated in the modern literary scene.
Although we use the subjectivity in judging a work, it would be much better if we use an objective approach when assessing a work.
References
Tarigan, Henry Guntur. Prinsip-Prinsip Dasar Sastra. (Bandung: Angkasa,1984).
Ratna, Nyoman Kutha.Teori, Metode, dan Teknik Penelitian Sastra. (Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2008).
Eagleton, Terry. Teori Sastra. (Jakarta: Jala Sutra, 2007).
Teeuw, A. Sastera dan Ilmu Sastera. (Bandung: PT Kiblat Buku Utama, 2003)
Santi Ramdhani_Theoretical Foundation
CHAPTER II
UNDERSTANDING OF DICTION AND STYLE LANGUAGE OF THE STATE ADDRESS OF PRESIDENT SUSILO BAMBANG YUDHOYONO THROUGH DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Written by: Santi Ramdhani
2.1 OUTLINE OF CHAPTER
This chapter show how the style language and diction of state address are analyzed. Every word and sentence in an address has a particular meaning. It is proven by every people with different background has different utterance when he or she utters something. Especially in state address, every word and sentence becomes something that must be considered, this is because the formal speech and attended by people who have the status of higher education. So did the style language which is used by each orator is different and has individual characteristics, so does for President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. Discourse analysis is chosen as the way to analyze and to express the possibility of meaning of those.
2.2 UNDERSTANDING OF DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Discourse analysis is analysis of text structure above the sentence (Sinclair and Couthard, 1995: 7). With this definition, we may say that diction and style language could be analyzed by discourse because of structurally analysis. We could get the meaning of every word and know from the style language structurally analyzed. Although actually to understand what the speaker says, we also have to aware about the condition at that time. As Stubbs says that discourse analysis concerns with language in social context and particularly with interaction or dialogue between speakers. Social context here means that when we analyze a state address, we also must consider anything contextually. It is because usually something could be expressed by textually and contextually.
Some experts give those opinions about the using of discourse analysis toward the text. Therefore they look at some of the issues it raises for philosophy, linguistics, and human sciences in general (Payne & Barbera, 1996: 190). The linguist Benveniste was among the most influential thinkers in this field. According to him, ‘discourse’ has to do with those aspects of language that can only be interpreted with the reference to the speaker, to his or her spatiotemporal location, or to other such variables which served to specify the localized context of utterance (Payne & Barbera, 1996: 190).
Discourse analysis, on the other hand, as inaugurated in the 1970s, concerns itself with the use of language in a running discourse, continued over a sequence of sentences, and involving the interaction of speaker (or writer) and auditor (or reader) in a specific situational context, and within a framework of social and cultural conventions (Abrams, 1999: 66). A sentence above, Abrams expressed the existence of interaction of speaker and listener is also the important thing to analyze. Besides it, the aspect of situational context, social and cultural is also has to give the more concern. In fact, someone will talk something based on the situational at that time. So, it becomes something which is should not be forgotten. With combining the analysis of textual and contextual, it is sure that we would know the main meaning of every diction, why it is chosen and also we understand why the speaker speak with particular style language.
This is also one of profe that if we use discoourse analysis, we would never be separated with social field. And this is considered very correct because esentially the speech aims is to reach the social condition of public. Laclau and Mouffe’s discourse theory aims at an understanding of the social as a discursive construction whereby, in principle, all social phenomena can be analyzed using discourse analytical tools. First, we present the discourse theoretical approach to language, and then extend the theory to cover the entire social field. Because of its broad focus, discourse theory is suitable as a theoretical foundation for different social constructionist approaches to discourse analysis (Jorgensen & Phillips, 2002: 35).
To conduct discourse analysis means that the investigation of language is required to go beyond the boundaries of the syntactic or semantic form of the utterance. Therefore, the theory of Abrams could be a foundation that discourse analysis involving the context of social and cutural to get the understanding of the state address or another address.
Reference:
Abrams, M.H. 1999. A Glossary of Literary Terms. USA: Earl McPeek
Payne, Michael and Jessica R.B. 2010. A Dictionary of Cultural and Critical Theory. UK: Wiley-Blackwell
Jorgensen, Marriane and Phillips J.L. 2002. Discourse Analysis as Theory and Method. London: SAGE Publication
Barker, Chris & Darius G. 2001. Cultural Studies and Discourse Analysis. London: SAGE Publication
UNDERSTANDING OF DICTION AND STYLE LANGUAGE OF THE STATE ADDRESS OF PRESIDENT SUSILO BAMBANG YUDHOYONO THROUGH DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Written by: Santi Ramdhani
2.1 OUTLINE OF CHAPTER
This chapter show how the style language and diction of state address are analyzed. Every word and sentence in an address has a particular meaning. It is proven by every people with different background has different utterance when he or she utters something. Especially in state address, every word and sentence becomes something that must be considered, this is because the formal speech and attended by people who have the status of higher education. So did the style language which is used by each orator is different and has individual characteristics, so does for President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. Discourse analysis is chosen as the way to analyze and to express the possibility of meaning of those.
2.2 UNDERSTANDING OF DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Discourse analysis is analysis of text structure above the sentence (Sinclair and Couthard, 1995: 7). With this definition, we may say that diction and style language could be analyzed by discourse because of structurally analysis. We could get the meaning of every word and know from the style language structurally analyzed. Although actually to understand what the speaker says, we also have to aware about the condition at that time. As Stubbs says that discourse analysis concerns with language in social context and particularly with interaction or dialogue between speakers. Social context here means that when we analyze a state address, we also must consider anything contextually. It is because usually something could be expressed by textually and contextually.
Some experts give those opinions about the using of discourse analysis toward the text. Therefore they look at some of the issues it raises for philosophy, linguistics, and human sciences in general (Payne & Barbera, 1996: 190). The linguist Benveniste was among the most influential thinkers in this field. According to him, ‘discourse’ has to do with those aspects of language that can only be interpreted with the reference to the speaker, to his or her spatiotemporal location, or to other such variables which served to specify the localized context of utterance (Payne & Barbera, 1996: 190).
Discourse analysis, on the other hand, as inaugurated in the 1970s, concerns itself with the use of language in a running discourse, continued over a sequence of sentences, and involving the interaction of speaker (or writer) and auditor (or reader) in a specific situational context, and within a framework of social and cultural conventions (Abrams, 1999: 66). A sentence above, Abrams expressed the existence of interaction of speaker and listener is also the important thing to analyze. Besides it, the aspect of situational context, social and cultural is also has to give the more concern. In fact, someone will talk something based on the situational at that time. So, it becomes something which is should not be forgotten. With combining the analysis of textual and contextual, it is sure that we would know the main meaning of every diction, why it is chosen and also we understand why the speaker speak with particular style language.
This is also one of profe that if we use discoourse analysis, we would never be separated with social field. And this is considered very correct because esentially the speech aims is to reach the social condition of public. Laclau and Mouffe’s discourse theory aims at an understanding of the social as a discursive construction whereby, in principle, all social phenomena can be analyzed using discourse analytical tools. First, we present the discourse theoretical approach to language, and then extend the theory to cover the entire social field. Because of its broad focus, discourse theory is suitable as a theoretical foundation for different social constructionist approaches to discourse analysis (Jorgensen & Phillips, 2002: 35).
To conduct discourse analysis means that the investigation of language is required to go beyond the boundaries of the syntactic or semantic form of the utterance. Therefore, the theory of Abrams could be a foundation that discourse analysis involving the context of social and cutural to get the understanding of the state address or another address.
Reference:
Abrams, M.H. 1999. A Glossary of Literary Terms. USA: Earl McPeek
Payne, Michael and Jessica R.B. 2010. A Dictionary of Cultural and Critical Theory. UK: Wiley-Blackwell
Jorgensen, Marriane and Phillips J.L. 2002. Discourse Analysis as Theory and Method. London: SAGE Publication
Barker, Chris & Darius G. 2001. Cultural Studies and Discourse Analysis. London: SAGE Publication
yashinta. pradina. saputra - theoretical foundation
Chapter II
Theoretical Foundation
UNDERSTANDING OF ALLUSION IN “AN OCCURRENCE AT OWL CREEK BRIDGE”
A. Definition of Allusion
An allusion is a literary device that stimulates ideas, associations, and extra information in the reader's mind with only a word or two. Elizabethan Thomas Nashe's in “Litany in Time of Plague” said that allusion is a passing reference, without explicit identification, to a literary or historical person, place, or event, or to another literary work or passage.
On the other hand, M.H. Abrams defined allusion as "a brief reference, explicit or indirect, to a person, place or event, or to another literary work or passage". It is left to the reader or hearer to make the connection (Fowler) an overt allusion is a misnomer for what is simply a reference. Allusion has 3 components. There are Historical allusion, Mythical Allusion, Biblical Allusion. Historical allusion based on histories that cover the prose. Mythical allusion based on myth that covers the prose. Biblical allusion based on bible that covers that story. Since allusions are not explicitly identified, they imply a fund of knowledge that is shared by an author and the audience for whom the author writes. Most literary allusions are intended to be recognized by the generally educated readers of the author's time, but some are aimed at a special coterie.
From those definitions of allusion, the writer tends to have same opinion with M. H. Abrams’s theory. Allusion needs to explicit identification to know allusion in the story. We have to know what did happen in the place which the story made. And it needs to explicit information like Abrams’s said.
Theoretical Foundation
UNDERSTANDING OF ALLUSION IN “AN OCCURRENCE AT OWL CREEK BRIDGE”
A. Definition of Allusion
An allusion is a literary device that stimulates ideas, associations, and extra information in the reader's mind with only a word or two. Elizabethan Thomas Nashe's in “Litany in Time of Plague” said that allusion is a passing reference, without explicit identification, to a literary or historical person, place, or event, or to another literary work or passage.
On the other hand, M.H. Abrams defined allusion as "a brief reference, explicit or indirect, to a person, place or event, or to another literary work or passage". It is left to the reader or hearer to make the connection (Fowler) an overt allusion is a misnomer for what is simply a reference. Allusion has 3 components. There are Historical allusion, Mythical Allusion, Biblical Allusion. Historical allusion based on histories that cover the prose. Mythical allusion based on myth that covers the prose. Biblical allusion based on bible that covers that story. Since allusions are not explicitly identified, they imply a fund of knowledge that is shared by an author and the audience for whom the author writes. Most literary allusions are intended to be recognized by the generally educated readers of the author's time, but some are aimed at a special coterie.
From those definitions of allusion, the writer tends to have same opinion with M. H. Abrams’s theory. Allusion needs to explicit identification to know allusion in the story. We have to know what did happen in the place which the story made. And it needs to explicit information like Abrams’s said.
Kamis, 05 Mei 2011
Siti Nurohmah_Theoretical Foundation
Chapter II
Theoretical Foundation
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SETTING AND THEME IN SHORT STORY ‘THE FALL OF THE HOUSE OF USHER’
A. Definiton of Setting
Setting is one of elements to build a fiction. What is definition of setting? According to Abrams (1999: 284) “setting of narrative is the general locale, historical time, and social circumstances in which its action occurs.” It refers to three important points when the fiction occurs. Those are "General locale" implies that place might be flexible—it could encompass more than just one specific location. "Historical time" means that the story's position on a time line of history affects the events and characters in the story. And "social circumstances" indicates that perhaps there is more to the concept of setting than simply time and place. It means that how we fit into the context of the society in which we are members connects to this concept of where and when.
On the other hand, Aminuddin (1991: 76) stated “setting is background of event in fiction that is not only about place and time, but also the event has physical and physiological function”. Setting is not only has physical function to make the logical fiction, but also has physiological function that create atmosphere of fiction to make the reader can feel it.
From those opinions of the expert, the writer tends to agrees with Aminuddin’s opinion. That is about setting it is not only about the element of setting itself but also about the function of it that makes the logical fiction which can convey the atmosphere of fiction to the reader. Thus, it can help the reader in understanding the fiction logically and also can more feel the atmosphere of it.
Theoretical Foundation
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SETTING AND THEME IN SHORT STORY ‘THE FALL OF THE HOUSE OF USHER’
A. Definiton of Setting
Setting is one of elements to build a fiction. What is definition of setting? According to Abrams (1999: 284) “setting of narrative is the general locale, historical time, and social circumstances in which its action occurs.” It refers to three important points when the fiction occurs. Those are "General locale" implies that place might be flexible—it could encompass more than just one specific location. "Historical time" means that the story's position on a time line of history affects the events and characters in the story. And "social circumstances" indicates that perhaps there is more to the concept of setting than simply time and place. It means that how we fit into the context of the society in which we are members connects to this concept of where and when.
On the other hand, Aminuddin (1991: 76) stated “setting is background of event in fiction that is not only about place and time, but also the event has physical and physiological function”. Setting is not only has physical function to make the logical fiction, but also has physiological function that create atmosphere of fiction to make the reader can feel it.
From those opinions of the expert, the writer tends to agrees with Aminuddin’s opinion. That is about setting it is not only about the element of setting itself but also about the function of it that makes the logical fiction which can convey the atmosphere of fiction to the reader. Thus, it can help the reader in understanding the fiction logically and also can more feel the atmosphere of it.
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